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英語教材評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
英語教材評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1．Cunningsworth (1995) 建議的教材評估四項標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： 1．They should correspond to learners’ needs. They should match the aims and objectives of the language learning program. 2．They should reflect the uses (present or future) that learners will make of the language. Textbooks should be chosen that will help equip students to use language effectively for their own purposes. 3．They should take account of students’ needs as learners and should facilitate their learning processes, without dogmatically imposing a rigid “method”. 4．They should have a clear role as a support for learning. Liking teachers, they mediate between the target language and the learner. 2．Grant（1987）從三個方面，學(xué)生、教師、大綱和考試，設(shè)計了選擇教材教材的三個調(diào)查表： Choosing a textbook: questionaire (part I)： Does the book suit your students? 1．Is it attractive? Given the average age of your students, would they enjoy using it? 2．Is it culturally accepted? 3．Does it reflect what you know about your students’ needs and interests? 4．Is it about the right level of difficulty? 5．Is it about the right length? 6．Are the course’s physical characteristics appropriate? (e.g. is it durable) 7．Are there enough authentic materials, so that the students can see that the book is relevant to real life? 8．Does it achieve an acceptable balance between knowledge about the language, and practice in using the language? 9．Does it achieve an acceptable balance between the relevant language skills, and integrate them so that work in one skill area helps the others? 10．Does the book contain enough communicative activities to enable the students to use the language independently. （Score: 2 points for every YES answer. 1 point for every PARTLY answer. 0 for every NO answer.） Choosing a textbook: questionaire (part II)： Does the book suit the teacher? 1．Is your overall impression of the contents and layout of the course favourable? 2．Is there a good, clear teacher’s guide with answers and help on methods and additional activities? 3．Can one use the book in the classroom without constantly having to turn to the teacher’s guide? 4．Are the recommended methods and approaches suitable for you, your students and your classroom? 5．Are the approaches easily adaptable if necessary? 6．Does using the course require little or no time-consuming preparation? 7．Are useful ancillary materials such as tapes, workbooks, and visuals provided? 8．Is there sufficient provision made for tests and revision? 9．Does the book use a ‘spiral’ approach, so that items are regularly revised and used again in different contexts? 10．Is the course appropriate for, and liked by, colleagues? （Score: 2 points for every YES answer. 1 point for every PARTLY answer. 0 for every NO answer.） Choosing a textbook: questionaire (part III)： Does the book suit the syllabus and examination? 1．Has the book been recommended or approved by the authorities? 2．Does the book follow the official syllabus in a creative manner? 3．Is the course well-graded, so that it gives well-structured and systematic coverage of the language? 4。If it does more than the syllabus requires, is the result an improvement? 5．Are the activities, contents and methods used in the course well-planned and executed? 6。Has it been prepared specifically for the target examination? 7．Do the course’s methods help the students prepare for the exam? 8．Is there a good balance between what the examination requires, and what the students need? 9。Is there enough examination practice? 10．Does the course contain useful hints on examination technique? （Score: 2 points for every YES answer. 1 point for every PARTLY answer. 0 for every NO answer.） Tomlinson’s (1998) 提出的評估好的教學(xué)資料標(biāo)準(zhǔn) l Materials should achieve impact l Materials should help learners to feel ease l Materials should help learners to develop confidence l What is being taught should be perceived by learners as relevant and useful l Materials should require and facilitate learner self-investment l Learners must be ready to acquire the points being taught l Materials should expose the learner to language in authentic use l The learners’ attention should be drawn to linguistic features of the input l Materials should provide the learners with opportunities to use the target language to achieve communication purpose l Materials should take into account that the positive effects of instruction are usually delayed l Materials should take into account that learners differ in learning styles l Materials should take in account that learners differ in affective attitudes l Materials should permit a silent period at the beginning of instruction l Materials should maximise learning potential by encouraging intellectual, aesthetic and emotional involvement which stimulates both right and left brain activities l Materials should not rely too much on controlled practice l Materials should provide opportunities for outcome feedback Ur’s (2000)的教材評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Ur (2000) 認(rèn)為教材評估有兩種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：一般性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（general criteria）和具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(specific criteria)。下表是他提出的一般性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： CriteriaObjectives explicitly laid out in an introduction, and implemented in the material Approach educationally and socially acceptable to target community Clear attractive layout; print easy to read Appropriate visual materials available Interesting topics and tasks Varied topics and tasks, so as to provide for different learner levels, learning styles, interests, etc. Clear instructions Systematic coverage of syllabus Content clearly organized and graded (sequenced by difficulty) Period review and test sections Plenty of authentic language Good pronunciation explanation and practice Good vocabulary explanation and practice Good grammar presentation and practice Fluency practice in all four skills Encourages learners to develop own learning strategies and to become independent in their learning Adequate guidance for the teacher; not too heavy preparation load Audio cassettes Readily available locally
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