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切莫小看定冠詞the
切莫小看定冠詞the 在英語教學(xué)中，你可別小看定冠詞the，它的用法真可謂變化無窮，稍一疏忽，便會(huì)出錯(cuò)。下面的實(shí)例說明 ，有無定冠詞the，意義上竟會(huì)有天壤之別。所以在教學(xué)中要慎之又慎，決不可掉以輕心而誤人子弟。例子是不 勝枚舉的，下面僅舉一些，以此引起同行們的重視。
1.behind time 過了時(shí)刻，遲了
behind the time 落在時(shí)代后面，不合時(shí)
The train is ten minutes behind time. 火車晚點(diǎn)十分鐘。
Such books are behind the times. 這種書落后于時(shí)代了。
2.by day 在白天
by the day 計(jì)日，論日，按日計(jì)
They don’t work by day but by night. 他們白天不工作，晚上工作。
The bank calculates the interest on bills by the day.銀行按日計(jì)算帳息。
3.by hand 手工做的
by the hand 攙著（手）
Was this tablecloth made by hand? 這塊桌臺(tái)布是用手工做的嗎？
He took his grandmother by the hand when they crossed the street. 過馬路時(shí)，他攙著他祖母（ 的手）。
4.by sea 由海路
by the sea 在海岸上，在海濱
Marco Polo came to China by land and returned to Italy by sea.馬可·波羅由陸路來中國(guó)，由海 路返回意大利。
My friend spent his holiday in a rest home by the sea. 我朋友在海濱一個(gè)招待所度假。
5.give battle 開戰(zhàn)
give the battle 打敗仗
They decided to give battle to the enemies. 他們決定向敵人開戰(zhàn)。
They gave the battle in the end. 他們最后打了敗仗。
6.go to sea 去當(dāng)水手
go to the sea 出海
The boy wanted to go to sea. 這男孩想當(dāng)水手。
The fisherman went to the sea early in the morning. 這漁夫一大早就出海去了。
7.go to war 交戰(zhàn)
go to the war 參軍
England want to war with Germany in 1939. １９３９年英國(guó)和德國(guó)交戰(zhàn)。
The two brothers went to the war. 兩兄弟從軍去了。
8.in case of 如果，萬一
in the case of 就……來說，至于
You can come to our hospital in case of illness. 你如果有病，可以到我們醫(yī)院來。
In the case of physical change,no new substance is formed. 就物理變化來說，沒有新的物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生 。
9.in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，主管（表示主動(dòng)）
in the charge of 由……負(fù)責(zé)，被……主管（表示被動(dòng)）
Dr Bethune was in charge of the operation. 白求恩大夫負(fù)責(zé)這次手術(shù)。
This kindergarten is in the charge of a young girl. 這個(gè)幼兒園由一個(gè)年輕的姑娘負(fù)責(zé)。
10.in course of 正在……中
in the course of 在……的過程中
An international meeting is in course of preparation. 正在籌備一次國(guó)際會(huì)議。
New arts have been born in the course of the history of man.在人類歷史發(fā)展過程中，新的藝術(shù) 不斷誕生。
11.in future 從今以后
in the future 在將來
In future meetings will start ten minutes earlier. 從今以后會(huì)議要提前十分鐘開始。
Today,107 chemical elements have been discovered and more willbe discovered in the future. [1] [2] [3] 下一頁 目前，已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一百零七種元素，將來會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的元素。
12.in person 親自，外貌上
in the person 以……資格，代表
I can’t go in person ,but I’m sending my secretary. 我不能親自去了，但是我派我的秘書去。
She looks younger in person than on the screen. 她看上去比她在銀幕上的形象更年輕。
He spoke in the person of Xinhua News Agency. 他代表新華社講話。
13.in place of 代替
in the place of 在……的地方
We use chopsticks in place of knives and forks. 我們用筷子代替刀叉。
The traffic accident happened in the place of Lorraine. 交通事故發(fā)生在洛林這個(gè)地方。
14.in possession of 占有，擁有（表示主動(dòng)）
in the possession of 被（為了）……占有（所用）（表示被動(dòng)）
She was found in possession of dangerous drugs. 有人發(fā)現(xiàn)她擁有危險(xiǎn)藥品。
That island was in the possession of that country late in thesixteenth century. 這個(gè)島嶼１ ６世紀(jì)末被那個(gè)國(guó)家占有。
15.in red 身穿紅衣服
in the red 虧損，有赤字
The girl in red is our professor’s daughter. 那個(gè)身穿紅衣服的姑娘是我們教授的女兒。
The company was in the red . 這家公司出現(xiàn)了赤字。
16.in secret 暗地里，秘密地
in the secret. 知道內(nèi)情，參與秘密
She wept in secret. 她暗暗哭泣。
She wrote to the newspaper in secret. 她秘密給報(bào)社寫了信。
I know a man who is in the secret. 我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)了解內(nèi)情的人。
17.in sight of 看得見，在看得見……的地方
in the sight of 在……看來，從……觀點(diǎn)來看
Are we in sight of land yet? 現(xiàn)在看得見陸地了嗎？
He should be sentenced to death in the sight of law. 從法律角度來看，他該被判處死刑。
18.in view of 鑒于，由于
in the view of 按……的意見
In view of the circumstances,we should give up the plan. 考慮到情況的變化，我們應(yīng)該放棄這 項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。
In the view of Marxist-Leninist,the people are the makers ofhistory. 馬列主義者認(rèn)為人民是 歷史的創(chuàng)造者。
19.keep house 管理家務(wù)
keep the house 守在家里
Richard’s wife,Harriet.had been ill in bed for five years,andso his sister Caroline kept house. 理查德的妻子哈麗特病臥在床五年了，因此他的姐姐卡羅琳管家。
Mr Smith had to keep the house that night. 那天晚上史密斯先生不得不守在家里。
20.on fire 著火
on the fire 在考慮中，在準(zhǔn)備中
The enemy could not but abandon the warship on fire. 敵人只好放棄著火的戰(zhàn)艦。
The young writer has a new novel on the fire. 這位年輕的作家正打算寫一部新小說。
21.out of question 不成問題，無疑的
out of the question 不可能
If you persist,your success is out of question. 如果你堅(jiān)持下去，成功是無疑的。
It is out of the question for anyone to build a castle in theair. 任何人想建立空中樓閣都是 不可能的。
22.take air 傳播，泄漏 上一頁 [1] [2] [3] 下一頁 take the air 出外，呼吸新鮮空氣，兜風(fēng)
The story has taken air. 這件事已經(jīng)傳開了。
At the door of the engine room,the engineer sat smoking a pipeand taking the air. 機(jī)械師 坐在機(jī)房門口，邊抽煙斗邊透一透空氣。
23.take place 發(fā)生
take the place of 代替
Great changes have taken place in our country since 1978. 自從１９７８年以來我國(guó)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了 巨大的變化。
Eiectric trains have taken the place of steam trains in someplaces in China.在中國(guó)，電氣火 車已經(jīng)在有些地方取代了蒸氣機(jī)火車。
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