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“It”典型句型例釋
“It”典型句型例釋 “It”典型句型例釋孔祥發(fā)王愛萍 11月7日 “It”句型一直是近幾年NMET命題的熱點(diǎn)，同時(shí)也是日常教與學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。在教材和練習(xí)中頻頻出現(xiàn)，由于其繁雜多變，尤其是一些近似句型的辨析，常使同學(xué)們望而卻步。筆者在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中，注意收集這樣的句子，現(xiàn)將這些句子分類整理并作一簡(jiǎn)析，希望能對(duì)同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。 1．①It is 3 years ________ he joined the army. ②It will be 3 years ________ we meet again. ③Tom told me that it was 3 years ________ he had left school. A.before B.after C.since D.when 析：①C，②A，③C。做這類題目應(yīng)從時(shí)態(tài)入手。句①是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，該句型常是：It+is（has been）+some time+since sb.did sth.主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而從句則用一般過去時(shí)。句②為It will be （was）+some time before sb.does（did） sth.“多久某人干…”。主句要用一般將來時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)，before引導(dǎo)的從句則用對(duì)應(yīng)的 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。又如： It wasn’t long before we met again. 不久我們又見面了。 句③與句①是同一句型，只不過該句型出現(xiàn)在told引導(dǎo)的賓語從句之中了，故用了was和 had left 的形式。 2.①________ is wellknown to us all that the earth is round. ②________ is wellknown to us all,the earth is round. A.That B.As C.It D.Which 析：①C，②B。句①中it是形式主語，真正的主語是從句“that the earth is round ”。句②中as引導(dǎo)一非限制性定語從句，代替后面整句內(nèi)容，置于句首。 3.①Was it the house ________ Abraham Lincoln was born? ②Was it in the house ________ Abraham Lincoln was born? A.that B.where C.which D.both A and B 析：①B，②A。句①的先行詞是the house,后面為一個(gè)定語從句，所以可填where或in which。句②為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。判斷一個(gè)句子是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，先把it is…that…這一結(jié)構(gòu)拋開，看其余部分能否構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子。那么，句①還原為Abraham Lincoln was born the house.the house之前缺少介詞in，故不為強(qiáng)調(diào)句了。句②則相符，故選that。 4.①It’s very kind ________ you to help us. ②It’s very important ________ us to keep the balance of nature. A.for B.of C.to D.with 析：①B，②A。在句①中，常見的形容詞有kind,good,nice,foolish,stupid,wrong,clever 等。他們用來修飾人，表示人物的品質(zhì)或性格特征。句①可變?yōu)閅ou’re very kind to help us.所以選B。而句②則不可，因其形容詞只能修飾后面的不定式，故用for。 5.①________ no wonder that he has passed the exam. ②________ no need for you to wait here. A.There being B.It was C.It is D.There is 析：①C，②D。句①為“無怪…”之意，it為形式主語，that從句為真正主語，該句型還常以No wonder…，Small wonder…或Little wonder…等省略形式出現(xiàn)。又如：No wonder he was punished by his father。句②為固定句型，多為否定句或疑問句。又如：Is there any need to explain further?有必要更進(jìn)一步說明嗎? 6.①It is strange that he ________ the work in 3 days. ②It is possible that he ________ the work in 3 days. A.can finish B.is finishing C.should finish D.finish 析：①C，②A。在it is necessary（important,strange,natural）等結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中，其后的主語從句用虛擬語氣，結(jié)構(gòu)為“should+動(dòng)詞原形”。 7.①It is （high） time that we ________ to school. ②It is the second time that we ________ to Beijing. A.go B.went C.have been D.have gone 析：①B，②C。句①為It is （high）time 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“過去式或should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should不可省略。句②的先行詞time由序數(shù)詞修飾，從句要用完成時(shí)態(tài)，且時(shí)態(tài)要和主句保持一致。又如： It （This/That）was the third time that he had been invited to our school. It’ll be the fourth time that he’ll have been there. 8.①________ doesn’t matter much whether he’ll come to the party. ②I feel ________ an honour to be invited to speak here. A.this（This） B.it（It） C.that（That） D.what（What） 析：①B，②B。在句①和句②中it分別作形式主語和形式賓語，故不能用this或that代替。 9.①It’s no good ________ such a thing. ②It’s of no importance ________ such a thing. A.do B.to do C.doing D.done 析：①C，②B。句①常用doing作真正的主語，故選C。類似句型還有It’s no use （useless）crying over the spilt milk.句②則只能用不定式作真正主語。再如It’s important/helpful/good/necessary/possible/right/ wrong+to do…。 10.①It is hoped that you ________ there on time. ②It is advised that you ________ there on time. A.arrive B.should arrive C.will arrive D.both A and B 析：①C，②D。句①是it作形式主語，that從句作真正的主語。主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致是解題的關(guān)鍵。類似句型有：It’s said/believed/hoped/expected/reported/announced/whispered that…等等。做這類題目時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意其轉(zhuǎn)變題型。例如： （NMET’99） Robert is said ________ abroad,but I don’t know what country he studied in. A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying 如果把首句變?yōu)镮t is said that Robert ________,再結(jié)合后面的“studied”便可輕易得出答案A。 句②It is advised that…=sb.advises that,所以仍需用虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞為should do或do的形式。類似的句型還有It is insisted/ordered/suggested/demanded/required /requested that…等等。
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